YKS Score Calculation: Nets, Weights and OBP Explained

YKS score calculation looks complicated at first. Students see words like net, standard score, OBP and ranking, and they are not sure which one really matters. In fact, the system follows a few clear steps. This guide explains each step with the official 2026 rules from ÖSYM, so you can understand your practice exam results and set a realistic target.

How YKS score calculation works in five steps

In short, the process has five steps: your nets, a minimum check, standard scores and weights, the bonus from your diploma grade and, finally, your ranking. Each step builds on the one before, so a small gain in nets can change your ranking more than you expect.

Step 1: your net for each test

Everything starts with the net. For every test, ÖSYM counts your correct answers and subtracts a quarter of your wrong answers:

Net = correct answers − (wrong answers ÷ 4)

For example, a student with 30 correct and 8 wrong answers in TYT Turkish has 30 − 2 = 28 net. A blank answer counts as zero, so it never lowers your net. That is why random guessing on many questions usually hurts more than it helps.

Step 2: you need a minimum to get a score

Before any weighting, ÖSYM checks a simple condition. To receive a TYT score, you need at least 0.5 net in Turkish or in basic maths. For the bachelor’s score types (SAY, EA, SÖZ and DİL), you need that TYT condition plus at least 0.5 net in one test of the score type. Also note that without a TYT score, ÖSYM does not calculate any AYT or YDT score at all.

Step 3: standard scores and weights

Next, ÖSYM turns each raw net into a standard score. Simply put, it compares your result with the results of final-year high school students that year. Then it combines the tests with fixed weights and places the result on a scale from 100 to 500.

The weights in the 2026 rules were:

• TYT score: Turkish 33%, social sciences 17%, basic maths 33% and science 17%.
• SAY: TYT 40%, AYT maths 30%, physics 10%, chemistry 10% and biology 10%.
• EA: TYT 40%, AYT maths 30%, literature 18%, history-1 7% and geography-1 5%.
• SÖZ: TYT 40%, then literature, history, geography, philosophy and religious culture for the remaining 60%.
• DİL: TYT 40% and the YDT foreign language test 60%.

Two lessons follow from these numbers. First, TYT counts for 40% of every bachelor’s score type, so nobody can skip it. Second, in TYT itself, Turkish and basic maths carry two thirds of the weight. You can check the full tables in the 2026 YKS guide.

Step 4: the OBP from your diploma grade

Your high school diploma grade also counts. ÖSYM turns it into the OBP by multiplying the grade (out of 100) by five, which gives a number between 250 and 500. A missing grade, or a grade below 50, counts as 50.

Then the placement score adds OBP × 0.12. In practice, the diploma grade adds between 30 and 60 points to your exam score. For instance, a diploma grade of 90 gives an OBP of 450 and adds 54 points.

There is one important exception. If you were placed in a program through YKS the year before, your OBP multiplier is halved, even if you did not register. Students who plan to retake YKS should keep this rule in mind.

Step 5: ranking decides your place

Finally, the score is not the end of the story. Universities fill their places by ranking (başarı sırası), not by a fixed passing mark. There is no point threshold any more: a calculated score is enough to apply. However, some programs set a minimum ranking. In 2026, for example, medicine required a SAY ranking within the top 50,000 and law an EA ranking within the top 100,000.

You can see last year’s base rankings for every program on YÖK Atlas. Because rankings change every year, use them as a guide, not as a promise.

Why an online YKS score calculation is only an estimate

Many websites offer a YKS score calculation tool. They can be useful for practice, but they only estimate. The standard scores depend on how all candidates performed in that year, so the same nets can give a slightly different score from one year to the next. For this reason, track your nets and your ranking estimate over time, rather than one exact number.

How ILEAP Academy uses your nets

ILEAP Academy is one of the first Arabic centers in Istanbul specialised in YKS. In our program, every timed practice exam ends with a clear report of your nets per test, so you see which subjects bring the fastest gains. Moreover, we explain YKS score calculation in Arabic, so families understand the results too. Classes run in person in Istanbul and online. Discover ILEAP Academy, and read our complete YKS exam guide for the bigger picture.

Frequently asked questions

Do wrong answers reduce my YKS score?

Yes. Every four wrong answers cancel one correct answer in the net calculation, while blank answers have no effect.

How much does the diploma grade add?

The OBP adds between 30 and 60 points to the placement score, unless you were placed in a program the year before, in which case it is halved.

Can I do my own YKS score calculation?

You can estimate it from your nets and the weights above. However, the final score depends on that year’s standard scores, so treat your result as an estimate.

Is there a minimum YKS score to pass?

No fixed passing score exists. You need a calculated score, and some programs such as medicine and law also require a minimum ranking.